Goniodomin A

Goniodomin

Last updated at: Oct. 29, 2025

Recommended name
Goniodomin A
Synonyms
Goniodomin-A
Recommended acronym
GDA
Abbreviation
Structure
Formula
C43H60O12
Exact mono-isotopic mass
768.40848
Molfile
see chemfiles
Alternative molfiles
n/a
SMILES
C=C1CC(O)C2OC1C(=O)OC(C1(O)OCCC(C)C1C)/C=C\CC(O)C(O)C(=C)C1CCC(O1)C1C=CCC(O1)C1CCC(=C)C3(CC(C)C(=C)C2O3)O1
Alternative SMILES
n/a
InChi key
UBLDAHNUOSMNHW-JYRVWZFOSA-N
Alternative InChi keys
n/a
InChi
InChI=1S/C43H60O12/c1-22-18-19-49-43(48,28(22)7)36-13-8-10-29(44)37(46)27(6)31-16-17-34(50-31)32-11-9-12-33(51-32)35-15-14-25(4)42(54-35)21-24(3)26(5)39(55-42)40-30(45)20-23(2)38(53-40)41(47)52-36/h8-9,11,13,22,24,28-40,44-46,48H,2,4-6,10,12,14-21H2,1,3,7H3/b13-8-/t22-,24+,28+,29+,30-,31-,32+,33-,34-,35-,36-,37+,38+,39+,40-,42-,43+/m0/s1
Alternative InChis
Spectra available
True
Chem files
chemfiles/Goniodomin-A.cdx chemfiles/Goniodomin-A.mol

References

Murakami et al., 1988
Murakami, M., K. Makabe, K. Yamaguchi, S. Konosu and M. R. Walchli (1988). "Goniodomin a, a novel polyether macrolide from the dinoflagellate Goniodoma pseudogoniaulax." Tetrahedron Letters 29(10): 1149-1152.
Harris, 2020
Harris, C. M., K. S. Reece, D. F. Stec, G. P. Scott, W. M. Jones, P. L. M. Hobbs and T. M. Harris (2020). "The toxin goniodomin, produced by Alexandrium spp., is identical to goniodomin A." Harmful Algae 92: 101707.
Certified
False
Certified links
    n/a
Non certified reference material
False

Chemical analysis

Research
True
Standardized
False
Validated
False
Official
n/a

Structure recognition assays

Research
Unknown
Standardized
Unknown
Validated
Unknown
Official
n/a

Functional assays

Research
Unknown
Standardized
Unknown
Validated
Unknown
Official
n/a

Animal assays

Research
Unknown
Standardized
Unknown
Validated
Unknown
Official
n/a

References

Krock et al., 2018
Krock, B., U. Tillmann, Y. Wen, P. J. Hansen, T. O. Larsen and A. J. C. Andersen (2018). "Development of a LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of goniodomins A and B and its application to Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax strains and plankton field samples of Danish coastal waters." Toxicon 155: 51-60.
Regulatory status
False
Human toxic syndrome(s)
n/a
Organ system toxicity
n/a
Risk assessment
False
Molecular targets known
True
Molecular targets
F-actin, G-actin
Toxic to aquatic animals
Unknown
TEF available
False
Notes
Several Alexandrium species (A. pseudogonyaulax, A. hiranoi, A.monilatum, A. taylorii, A. ogatae, A. limii) have been proven to produce GDs. Many of these species are linked with fishkills, however GDs have not been conclusively shown to have ichthyotoxicity (Gaillard et al., 2024, Möller et al., 2024). Gaillard, S., Small, H.J., Ayache, N., Tanniou, S., Hess, P., Reveillon, D., Harris, C.M., Harris, T.M., Scott, G.P., MacIntyre, A., Reece, K.S., 2024. Investigating the role of allelochemicals in the interaction between Alexandrium monilatum and other phytoplankton species. Harmful Algae 139, 102706. Möller, K., U. Tillmann, M. Pöchhacker, E. Varga, B. Krock, F. Porreca, F. Koch, T. M. Harris and C. L. Meunier (2024). "Toxic effects of the emerging Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax (Dinophyceae) on multiple trophic levels of the pelagic food web." Harmful Algae 138: 102705. Goniodomin A is quite labile in acidic, alkaline, and even mildly alkaline aqueous solutions, including seawater or culture medium (Harris et al., 2023). GDA is easily transformed into its seco-acid, which is the dominant form in culture supernatant (Harris et al., 2023).

References

Sharma et al., 1968
Sharma, G.M., Michaels, L., Burkholder, P.R., 1968. Goniodomin, a new antibiotic from a dinoflagellate. J. Antibiot. 21, 659-664.
Murakami et al., 1988
Murakami, M., K. Makabe, K. Yamaguchi, S. Konosu and M. R. Walchli (1988). "Goniodomin a, a novel polyether macrolide from the dinoflagellate Goniodoma pseudogoniaulax." Tetrahedron Letters 29(10): 1149-1152.
Harris et al., 2020
Harris, C. M., K. S. Reece, D. F. Stec, G. P. Scott, W. M. Jones, P. L. M. Hobbs and T. M. Harris (2020). "The toxin goniodomin, produced by Alexandrium spp., is identical to goniodomin A." Harmful Algae 92: 101707.
Harris et al., 2023
Harris, C.M., Hintze, L., Gaillard, S., Tanniou, S., Small, H., Reece, K.S., Tillmann, U., Krock, B., Harris, T.M., 2023. Mass spectrometric characterization of the seco acid formed by cleavage of the macrolide ring of the algal metabolite goniodomin A. Toxicon 231, 17.
Philipp Hess
Contact
Bernd Krock
Contact